The Mix Hour Mixed By Ed-Ward Mix 014
In 1797, Jenner sent a short communication to the Royal Society describing his experiment and observations. However, the paper was rejected. Then in 1798, having added a few more cases to his initial experiment, Jenner privately published a small booklet entitled An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae, a disease discovered in some of the western counties of England, particularly Gloucestershire and Known by the Name of Cow Pox (18, 10). The Latin word for cow is vacca, and cowpox is vaccinia; Jenner decided to call this new procedure vaccination. The 1798 publication had three parts. In the first part Jenner presented his view regarding the origin of cowpox as a disease of horses transmitted to cows. The theory was discredited during Jenner's lifetime. He then presented the hypothesis that infection with cowpox protects against subsequent infection with smallpox. The second part contained the critical observations relevant to testing the hypothesis. The third part was a lengthy discussion, in part polemical, of the findings and a variety of issues related to smallpox. The publication of the Inquiry was met with a mixed reaction in the medical community.
The Mix Hour Mixed By Ed-Ward Mix 014
The building is fully operational (lighting and HVAC services) from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday excluding federal holidays. Tenants may access the building on the first floor 24 hours a day/7 days a week including federal holidays. A key card will be required for access at all times.
Standard services are commonly included as part of the rent charged by GSA as documented in the Occupancy Agreement. Reimbursable services are normally excluded from the rent and are funded through a Reimbursable Work Authorization (RWA). Examples include after-hours lighting, special or after-hours cleaning, office space carpet cleaning, uninterruptible power services, and non-standard trash removal.
Maintenance and service requests: Please contact the GSA main line at 213-894-3742 during the hours of 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, excluding holidays, for janitorial, HVAC, elevator, lighting, or any other service provided by GSA in our building. A mechanic is on duty from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday through Friday.
Lighting/HVAC: Ten hours of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and lighting are provided at no additional cost during normal duty hours. Additional service outside this timeframe is available on a reimbursable basis with advanced notice to the GSA Property Management Office at 213-894-3742.
Tenant-controlled space alteration: Space alterations should not be performed without first contacting the GSA Property Manager. GSA can provide alteration solutions to meet your needs. Alteration projects are normally funded through a Reimbursable Work Authorization (RWA). Also, it is building policy that work that might disrupt building tenants (e.g. paint fumes, construction noise, etc.) be accomplished after standard building operating hours.
Loading dock: The loading dock is open from 6 a.m. to 6 p.m. Scheduling the use of the loading dock for deliveries, moves, etc., can be arranged through the GSA Property Manager at 213-894-3742. A guard must be present at all times while basement doors are open, so it is imperative that the GSA or on-site maintenance contractor be informed at least 24 hours advance to make these arrangements.
Deliveries: To minimize disruption to other occupants, we encourage tenants to arrange large deliveries outside of normal business hours. In the event of after-hour activities, the tenant will be responsible for arranging guard services by contacting the GSA Property Management Office at 213-894-3742.
At 11.00 PM on December 2 1984, while most of the one million residents of Bhopal slept, an operator at the plant noticed a small leak of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas and increasing pressure inside a storage tank. The vent-gas scrubber, a safety device designer to neutralize toxic discharge from the MIC system, had been turned off three weeks prior [3]. Apparently a faulty valve had allowed one ton of water for cleaning internal pipes to mix with forty tons of MIC [1]. A 30 ton refrigeration unit that normally served as a safety component to cool the MIC storage tank had been drained of its coolant for use in another part of the plant [3]. Pressure and heat from the vigorous exothermic reaction in the tank continued to build. The gas flare safety system was out of action and had been for three months. At around 1.00 AM, December 3, loud rumbling reverberated around the plant as a safety valve gave way sending a plume of MIC gas into the early morning air [4]. Within hours, the streets of Bhopal were littered with human corpses and the carcasses of buffaloes, cows, dogs and birds. An estimated 3,800 people died immediately, mostly in the poor slum colony adjacent to the UCC plant [1, 5]. Local hospitals were soon overwhelmed with the injured, a crisis further compounded by a lack of knowledge of exactly what gas was involved and what its effects were [1]. It became one of the worst chemical disasters in history and the name Bhopal became synonymous with industrial catastrophe [5].
Public health infrastructure was very weak in Bhopal in 1984. Tap water was available for only a few hours a day and was of very poor quality. With no functioning sewage system, untreated human waste was dumped into two nearby lakes, one a source of drinking water. The city had four major hospitals but there was a shortage of physicians and hospital beds. There was also no mass casualty emergency response system in place in the city [3]. Existing public health infrastructure needs to be taken into account when hazardous industries choose sites for manufacturing plants. Future management of industrial development requires that appropriate resources be devoted to advance planning before any disaster occurs [18]. Communities that do not possess infrastructure and technical expertise to respond adequately to such industrial accidents should not be chosen as sites for hazardous industry. 041b061a72